ABSTRACT
The consumption of non-caloric sweeteners is increasing in Chile being present in a wide variety of foods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of distinct non-caloric sweeteners in the sensory qualities of orange juice as compared to sugar. The sweeteners selected were stevia, sucralose, saccharin and aspartame. These were added to natural juices in amounts equivalent to sugar in sweetness. Sensory analysis was performed with a group of youths of both sexes. An acceptability test was applied with an hedonic scale of 5 points evaluating aroma and flavor. The results indicate that the juice aroma is not affected by the use of sugar or sweeteners rated 3.5 to 3.7 (corresponding to "I like"). However, in the evaluation of flavor, significant differences were found, the best results corresponding to juice sweetened with sugar and sucralose (3,5 y 3,6 respectively).
El consumo de edulcorantes no calóricos es cada vez más masivo en nuestro país y están presentes en una gran variedad de alimentos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de edulcorantes no calóricos en la calidad sensorial de jugo de naranja, en comparación con el azúcar. Los edulcorantes seleccionados fueron estevia, sucralosa, sacarina y aspartamo. Se adicionaron a jugos naturales en cantidades equivalentes de dulzor respecto al azúcar. El análisis sensorial se realizó con un grupo de jóvenes de ambos sexos. Se aplicó una prueba de aceptabilidad con escala hedónica de 5 puntos, evaluando los parámetros de aroma y sabor. Los resultados indican que el aroma de los jugos no se ve afectado por la utilización de azúcar o edulcorantes, con calificación entre 3,5 a 3,7 (que corresponde a "me gusta"). Sin embargo, en la evaluación de sabor las muestras significativamente mejor evaluadas corresponden a jugos endulzados con azúcar y sucralosa (3,5 y 3,6 respectivamente).
Subject(s)
Sweetening Agents , Food Quality , Taste Perception , Fruit and Vegetable Juices , SugarsABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to characterize oilseeds: chia (Salvia hispánica), flax (Linum usitatissimum) and rosehip (Rosa rubiginosa), according to its chemical composition and oil analysis. Fatty acid composition, content of tocols and oxidative stability was determined in the oil from these seeds. The chemical composition was characterized by a high content of fat in chia and flaxseed, high content of protein in chia and flaxseed, and high content of dietary fiber in rosehip. The fatty acid composition consisted mostly of polyunsaturated: linolenic in chia and flax-seed, linoleic in rosehip. Tocols content and oxidative stability were higher in rosehip compared to the other oils. The results show that the oils studied could be used as potential sources of functional ingredients like omega-3 fatty acids.
El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar semillas de oleaginosas: chía (Salvia hispanica), linaza (Linum usitatis-simum) y rosa mosqueta (Rosa rubiginosa), de acuerdo a la composición química y análisis de sus aceites. Se realizó el análisis químico proximal de las semillas. En los aceites de estas materias primas se determinó la composición en ácidos grasos, contenido de tocoles y estabilidad oxidativa. La composición química se caracterizó por un alto contenido de grasa en chía y linaza, proteína en chía y linaza y fibra dietética en rosa mosqueta. Los ácidos grasos de estos aceites fueron mayoritariamente poliinsaturados: linolénico en chía y linaza, y linoleico en rosa mosqueta. El contenido de tocoles y la estabilidad oxidativa fue mayor en rosa mosqueta. Los resultados muestran que los aceites estudiados podrían ser utilizados como potenciales fuentes de ingredientes funcionales altos en ácidos grasos omega-3.
Subject(s)
Seeds/chemistry , Fatty Acids, Omega-3 , Flax , Salvia , Rosa , Functional FoodABSTRACT
Cerebral Intravascular Lymphomatosis is a type of non Hodgkin Lymphoma, generally composed with B cells, its ocurrence is infrequent, clinically progressive and has a fatal course. Vascular damage is related with tumoral infiltration and small caliber occlusion, with results in multi infarcts. Neurological symptoms and signs are frequently the first clinical manifestation, which include sub acute encephalopathy, cognitive impairment, delirium, aphasia, hemipharesis, visual disturbances, paraplegia, paresthesia and cranial nerves involvement. MRI shows images of vasculitis from CNS. Cerebral Intravascular Lymphomatosis must be considered in differential diagnosis of rapid and subacute dementias, and clinical cases with small vessel recurrent multi infarct of unusual etiology. We present the clinical case of a patient with rapid progressive dementia and systemic disease manifestation. The CNS involvement was characterized as a subacute encephalopathy, with confusion and agitation, seizures, motor disturbances, bilateral plantar extensor reflexes and cerebellar signs. The clinical symptomatic course was progressive, with weight loss and fluctuant fever. The patient had a fatal course after he was treated with Methylprednisolone. Postmortem pathologic examination revealed a diffuse non Hodgkin lymphoma of B cells, intravascular variant, with brain compromise, cerebellum, suprarenal glands, pancreas, myocardium, thyroid gland, lung kidney and the lever...
La linfomatosis intravascular cerebral es un tipo de Linfoma no Hodgkin generalmente de células B, de presentación infrecuente, curso clínico progresivo y fatal. El daño vascular es producto de oclusión de vasos de pequeño calibre por infiltración tumoral, con resultado de múltiples infartos. Las manifestaciones neurológicas suelen ser la forma de presentación clínica inicial, caracterizadas por un amplio espectro que incluye encefalopatía subaguda, deterioro cognitivo, delirio, afasia, hemiparesia, trastornos visuales, paraplejia, parestesias y compromiso de pares craneanos. Los estudios de RNM evidencian alteraciones indistinguibles de las vasculitis del SNC. La linfomatosis intravascular debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de las demencias rápidamente progresivas y en los cuadros de multi infarto cerebral de pequeño vaso de etiología inusual y recurrente. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con demencia rápidamente progresiva, con manifestaciones neurológicas de deterioro cognitivo y enfermedad sistémica. El compromiso del SNC se expresó como encefalopatía subaguda con confusión, agitación, y crisis convulsivas, trastornos motores con reflejo cutáneo plantar extensor bilateral y compromiso cerebeloso, de curso clínico sintomático progresivo, con baja de peso y fiebre fluctuante. El paciente fue sometido a tratamiento con metilprednisolona a pesar del cual falleció. El estudio necrópsico demostró alteraciones por Linfoma no Hodgkin difuso de células B, variante intra vascular, con compromiso del cerebro, cerebelo, glándulas suprarrenales, páncreas, miocardio, tiroides, pulmón riñón e hígado...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dementia/etiology , Lymphoma, B-Cell/complications , Lymphoma, B-Cell/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/complications , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis , Fatal Outcome , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/complications , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnosis , Vasculitis, Central Nervous SystemABSTRACT
El síndrome de Sneddon es una vasculitis sistémica, que se caracteriza por accidente cerebrovascular isquémico y livedo reticularis. Es una enfermedad rara, que se da principalmente en mujeres jóvenes. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 20 años con el diagnóstico de Síndrome de Sneddon, tratada en forma oportuna y con una evolución favorable en el hospital Doctor Hernán Henríquez Aravena de Temuco (HHHA).
Sneddon's syndrome is a systemic vasculitis, characterized by ischemic stroke and livedo reticularis. It is a rare disease that occurs mainly in young women. We report the case of a 20 year old woman diagnosed with Sneddon syndrome, treated in time and with a favorable outcome at Dr. Hernán Henríquez Aravena Hospital (HHHA) of Temuco
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Sneddon Syndrome/diagnosis , Sneddon Syndrome/therapy , Stroke , Livedo ReticularisABSTRACT
Intravascular large B cell lymphoma is a rare subtype of large cell lymphoma that is characterized by the proliferation of lymphoid cells within the lumina of small blood vessels. We report a 61-year-old male presenting paresis of both lower limbs, confusion and a history of weight loss. Magnetic resonance and CAT imaging studies showed multiple images of brain and cerebellar infarctions. Twenty days after admission, the patient died and the postmortem study demonstrated a multisystem intravascular large B cell lymphoma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology , Vascular Neoplasms/pathology , Autopsy , Brain Infarction/pathology , Cerebellar Diseases/pathology , Fatal Outcome , Rare Diseases/pathologyABSTRACT
Background: Subacute combined degeneration is a clinical manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency, that we observe with unusual frequency. Aim: To report a series of eleven patients with subacute combined degeneration. Patients and methods: Retrospective analysis of 11 patients hospitalized in a public hospital in Santiago, between March 2001 and February 2003. All had a myelopathy of more than three weeks of evolution with serum vitamin B12 levels of less than 200 pg/ml. Results: A risk factor was identified in 10 cases and the most common was an age over 60 years old. The main presenting symptom was the presence of paresthesias. On admission, sphincter dysfunction, posterior column and pyramidal syndromes coexisted in nine patients. A level of sensitive deficit was detected in six. Ten patients had macrocytosis and eight were anemic. Serum vitamin B12 was measured in ten and in nine, it was below 200 pg/ml. The mean lapse between onset of symptoms and treatment was eight months. All received intramuscular vitamin B12 in doses on 1,000 to 10,000 IU/day. Sphincter dysfunction and propioception were the first symptoms to improve. Conclusions: Subacute combined degeneration must be suspected in patients older than 60 years with a subacute myelopathic syndrome and low serum vitamin B12 levels.